GOST, SNiP and other scary documents: what pressure should be in the heating system of an apartment building?

Pressure in the heating system is regulated by two documents: building codes and regulations, and state standards.

Before developing a heating system You should familiarize yourself with the regulatory documents. Just in case, it is better to invite specialists who will help with creating the harness.

Types of pressure in the heating system

Exists three indicators:

1. Static, which is taken to be equal one atmosphere or 10 kPa/m.
2. Dynamic, taken into account when using a circulation pump.
3. Working, consisting of the previous ones.

Photo 1. Example of a piping diagram for an apartment building. The hot coolant flows through the red pipes, and the cold coolant through the blue ones.

First The indicator is responsible for the pressure in the batteries and pipeline. Depends on the length of the piping. Second occurs in case of forced movement of liquid. Correct calculation will allow the system to operate safely.

Working value

Characterized by regulatory documents and is the sum of two components. One of them is dynamic pressure. It exists only in systems with a circulation pump, which is not often found in apartment buildings. Therefore in most cases, the working value is taken to be equal to 0.01 MPa for each meter of pipeline.

Minimum value

It is chosen as the number of atmospheres at which water does not boil if heated over 100 °C.

The calculation is made as follows:

• determine the height of the house;
• add a reserve of 8 m, which will prevent problems.

So, for home 5 floors, 3 meters each, the pressure will be: 15 + 8 = 23 m = 2.3 atm.

What should be the GOST and SNiP standards for apartment buildings

The documents stipulate the ranges that provide heating for the building. The indicators are calculated to maintain a temperature of about 20 °C with humidity of about 40%.

To achieve these goals, a project is developed at the stage of preparation for construction. There are three values ​​of working pressure:

• 2-4 atm for houses up to 5 floors;
• 5-7 for 6-9;
• 12 and above for 10-story buildings and large buildings.

Factors determining the indications

Modern houses are equipped elevators, which divide the network into parts. Their purpose is to mix streams of water of different temperatures. They are equipped with regulators, which control the nozzles. This affects the determination of pressure: a partially closed unit changes the indicator.

To achieve the values ​​specified in GOST, also The following factors interfere:

• Power of devices, installed in a building, rarely matches the calculations made before the start of work.
• Equipment condition. During operation it wears out.
• Pipeline diameter. Sometimes, during repairs, a section of the piping is replaced, choosing a different size, which leads to a drop in pressure.
• Location of the apartment: the further from the main line and the boiler, the greater the chance of lower readings.

Checking the standard in multi-storey buildings

It is carried out by pressure gauges at three points:

• on the feed, near the boiler, as well as on the return line at a similar point;
• near all equipment used: pumps, filters, regulators and more;
• on the main line near the boiler room and at the branch to the house.

The requirements for the indicators are defined by GOST and SNiP.

Ways to Raise Blood Pressure

Central heating check with cold water. If a pressure drop is detected, it must be returned to the previous level. Then a hot water test is performed.

In an apartment building It is impossible to solve such a problem on your own. The best thing to do is to remove air from the pipes. The following can also help:

• Loosening of threads by breaking welded joints.
• Stop Feeding in different parts of the harness.
• Reducing system power for a short period of time.
• Inspection of valves for leakage of working fluid.
• Applying soap to the joints.

Useful video

Watch the video, which shows exactly how heating is supplied to a multi-story residential building.

Pressure drop

It represents the difference between the values ​​on the supply and return pipes. For stable operation of the system, this number must be in the range of 0.1-0.2 MPa. Deviation indicates a failure and the need for repair.

The constancy of this indicator depends on calculations and the following points:

• feed locations;
• pipe diameters;
• shut-off valves are present.