In what cases can you not do without an uninterruptible power supply for a heating pump?
An uninterruptible power supply (UPS) provides devices with power energy, if it stopped continuous supply.
They are used in a wide range of industries, including heating.
An uninterruptible power supply can be used to supply power to a boiler or circulation pump.
Content
Uninterruptible power supply for circulation pump
The electronic device is a small box with a battery. The latter is not always built-in, which depends on manufacturerIn this case, it is prepared separately and then attached.
The task of the UPS is to accumulate charge, to give it to the connected device when needed. The main components of each UPS:
- Battery or connector for its connection. Performs the sole purpose of a UPS - to store and use backup power.
- Converter changes the current from direct to alternating, also affecting the voltage.
- Filter serves for technical cleaning of the network - stabilization and elimination of interference.
- Stabilizer necessary to bring the system into a balanced state.
Reference! Some devices have built-in UPS system for remote control and charge monitoring.
The uninterruptible power supply for the circulation pump must have sinusoidal voltage at the output. If the shape is any other figure, the engine will have a hard time working, which will damage it over time and lead to replacement. Small deviations are acceptable, especially when the device is turned on rarely.
Types of UPS
They highlight three types device.
Spare
The emergency power supply supplies the system with electricity from the grid. If the grid fails, the device switches to battery.
The DC voltage from the latter enters the converter, where it slowly changes to AC. The value gradually increases from the nominal up to 220.
The filter blocks impulse interference that interferes with stable operation.
The backup source has three advantages over its analogues:
- The efficiency is of the order of 95%, sometimes higher.
- Quiet operation, low heat emission into the environment.
- Cheapness devices.
But there are also disadvantages:
- Long switching after loss of direct power.
- Distortion voltage.
- There is no possibility to configure amplitude or frequency.
Interactive Uninterruptible Power Supply
Also known as linear, it has one difference from the backup: instead of a converter, it has stabilizer.
Its circuit contains an automatic transformer that activates different windings when the voltage at the input to the device changes.
This helps to get almost identical to the initial one output indicator. The system is more advanced in terms of operation, but also includes a converter and filter.
Advantages of interactive UPS:
- Efficiency up to 95%.
- Quiet Job.
- Application automatic transformer.
The disadvantages include:
- Long turn on devices in case of power failure.
- Low accuracy devices.
- Far from a sinusoid voltage form.
- Frequency deviations in low-quality models.
Double conversion UPS with external battery connection
This design is significantly different from the previous ones. Inverter uninterruptible power supply rectifies the voltage, storing energy in capacitors.
Photo 1. Uninterruptible power supply model Smart 312 for a circulation pump, power 300 W, manufacturer - "Ecovolt".
Part two device repeats the conversion, converting direct current into alternating current. Batteries containing the charge begin to give it up with a sharp voltage surge. The process is controlled by a microcontroller with a built-in generator. The latter is usually made of quartz. This increases the accuracy of the device and stabilizes the frequency.
Important! Double inversion helps to obtain sinusoidal index, which is very important for long-term operation.
The UPS must also include battery, which is charged when powered from the mains. A design with detachable battery. In this case, the latter is filled separately, and the UPS simply passes the current.
Sources of this type have the following advantages:
- The device is capable of operating in a wide range of values, transforming voltage.
- High precision when the indicators stabilize.
- Quick turn on in case of loss of power from the network.
- Coincidence with pump operating frequency.
- Absence interference, despite the lack of a filter.
- The voltage waveform is close to ideal.
Flaws: high cost and strong noise from the fan.
How to choose a device for a heating system
Depends on six parameters. First of all, you need to decide on the type of device, then move on to calculations.
Power
The electric motor is one of the components of the UPS for the circulation pump. It creates a reactive load for which a calculation is required. The formula is simple:
N = 3 * P / cos(a), Where
- P — the nominal value of thermal power specified in the technical data sheet.
- Cos(a) — sinusoid deviation, also specified in the documentation.
Multiplying by three is necessary because a peak load occurs when switching on. If the cosine of the angle is not specified, the number divided by a factor of 0.7.
Reference! This formula is true not only for the pump, but also boilerIn the latter case, the calculations must take into account the consumption of all parts of the piping.
For example, if the power is 90 W, and the cosine is 0.45, the required value will be:
N = 90 * 3 / 0.45 = 600 Watts.
Battery capacity
Affects the duration of operation when there is no power supply from the network.
The batteries built into uninterruptible power supplies usually hold small charge, sufficient to maintain heating for a short period of time.
Some UPSs have connectors for connecting additional batteries. This helps systems that suffer from frequent power surges.
Energy accumulation in the device occurs if there is a network, during standard operation. External batteries can be disconnected and filled separately. Breakdowns of these devices must be urgently eliminated. In most cases, the solution to the problem is replacing the part with a new one.
Input voltage
There are two standard indicators - 220 and 380 volts. They are installed on electric meters and depend on the wiring. Deviation is allowed in the operation of any devices by 10% in both directions. Thus, the device must be suitable current 198-242 or 342-418 volts respectively.
In most cases, the jumps exceed the specified standards, which may be due to various factors: region, distance to the nearest substation, etc.
Before purchasing an uninterruptible power supply, you should carry out the following preparatory procedure: 6-8 times a day measure the voltage and determine the average value.
The technical data sheet of the device must indicate the permissible limits of values with which previously obtained values are compared.
Output voltage and its waveform
If the previous value is within the specified deviation, operation will be normal. This does not apply to UPS installed for the boiler: it is desirable that the current is close to the standard. The output voltage should look like sine wave. Other types are allowed, but they are more irritating to the electric motor of the device. And it is also important to have no interference. The latter are eliminated by the filter, if any, or at the transformation stage. In the latter case, they do not occur.
Quantitative indicator is also very important. It should be close to what is flowing through the system.
Minor deviations are possible but undesirable. For single-phase unwinding standard 220 volts, for three - 380.
When installing an uninterruptible power supply, the following rules must be observed:
- Average daily temperature in the room should not exceed that specified in the technical documentation.
- Storage is not permitted in the room. vapors of corrosive substances, flammable liquids and gases.
- Grounding They are taken out onto the street and installed according to building codes and regulations.
Additional functions
The main feature of the UPS is the ability to connect external batteries, preferably two or more. In case of short-term power loss it will be enough backup battery. In other cases, several devices will be used in turn. If there is an independent generator, some can be charged while others are working.
Rare models have a built-in alert system. For automation, a SIM card or Wi-Fi receiver, and also router for the latter. After setup, the device will automatically send a signal about the accident that has occurred if it has caused a power loss. In addition, with the help of automation, it is possible to control the operation of the uninterruptible power supply by sending an SMS with a password specified after installation.
Selecting a device for a water boiler or electric boiler
Unlike a pump UPS, this type requires more power: it supports the operation of the heater and other devices.
Photo 2. Uninterruptible power supply, power 150-400 W, 2 batteries are optionally supplied, manufacturer - "Shtil".
It is not enough to sum the values, since it is recommended to have reserve of 25% or more. This will protect the harness from power loss during peak load. The desired value is in the range 400-500 Watts.
Important! The boiler is more demanding, so it is desirable to have one filters to remove interference from the electrical network.
Useful video
Check out this video to see how a UPS for a circulation pump works.
Installation tips
Having decided on the UPS, they move on to installationIt is important to follow technical safety rules and take into account average daily temperature indoors, make high-quality grounding.
