5 ways to beat frost: heating a summer house in winter. What is better for a modern or old house?
The climate control equipment market includes dozens of heater models, thanks to which owners of country houses can choose the best option.
For example, if people live in a modern house for a long period of time, then it is better to use gas, electric, diesel and solid fuel boilers.
In old buildings Electric heaters are often used, which perfectly cope with their functions. Metal and brick stoves are considered classic options.
Content
Heating old country houses: what is better?
Most owners of old summer houses are building stoves or ordinary brick columnsThe fact is that not every settlement is equipped with gas supply.
In such dachas for the winter period the power supply is cut off, and for water, metal pipes laid on the surface of the earth are used. Speak there is no point in talking about water heating during the cold season in this case.
The main fuel in these buildings is firewood and coal. Thanks to the ovens that are necessary heat regularly (at least once a day), it is not always possible to quickly achieve the desired temperature. Often residents of old dachas buy additional electric heaters, so that upon arrival at the dacha you can immediately turn them on and make up for the lack of heat.
Features of brick ovens
To understand the principle by which brick ovens work, it is worth considering their central place, namely firebox for firewood. Good heating to the required temperature will be possible only if such two conditions:
- Regular supply of oxygen, which maintains the flame.
- Constant withdrawal from the firebox combustion products.
The supply of fresh air to the firebox is ensured by blower door or ash panThe combustion products gradually rise up the stone structure, entering a special opening through the combustion chamber and exiting through the chimney.
There are different design features brick ovens, each of which has its own specific nuances. The most common models for summer cottages are "Dutch", Russian, fireplace stove and "Swedish".
Among advantages The following types of brick ovens are distinguished:
- compact dimensions;
- large selection of designs;
- the possibility of equipping the dacha with an oven and a stove;
- fire safety.
There are also several stoves disadvantages:
- labor-intensive masonry requiring practical construction skills;
- high cost of the material used.
Specifics of metal furnaces
In such ovens the fuel is laid out according to a unique principle, so that there is practically no space between the elements. If we talk about firewood, then they are arranged in the form of a cage. Maximum dense bookmark will burn for a very long time (sometimes the temperature can remain for up to up to 24 hours). The wood begins to smolder and releases heat energy. Fresh air from outside is supplied to a special zone, and not to the combustion chamber itself.
Since the main material for assembling such furnaces is metal, the key features of this design depend on it.
Metal poor heat storageHowever, its thermal conductivity relative to heat capacity is considered to be higher than that of frame fired brick.
Metal furnaces are characterized by the following: advantages:
- excellent heat dissipation (The efficiency is more than 80 percent);
- compact dimensions;
- reliability (cast iron is characterized by ideal performance characteristics);
- unusual design.
Among disadvantages furnaces are distinguished:
- lack of heat storage capacity;
- the impossibility of creating a comfortable temperature in large summer cottages;
- low level of fire safety compared to brick structures.
What types of heaters are there?
One of the most popular and sought after are considered gas heaters. They do their job. from propane-butane or from a gas pipeline. In small summer cottages they usually install gas convectors and infrared heaters. Such models are easy to operate, are considered economical and have good efficiency. The only drawback is the consumption of a large amount of gas, which often hits the pocket hard.
The second type is best suited for a summer residence: electrical heaters. They are divided into certain subtypes:
- Oily heaters. The most economical models for a summer house. The main disadvantage is the long heating process to operating temperature and the large weight of the product.
- Fan heaters. They attract users with their small size and light weight. A significant drawback is the minimum volume of heated space.
- Electrical convectorsSuch heaters take up a small area, are safe, operate quietly and warm up the room perfectly.
- Infrared heaters. IR rays heat not the air space, but nearby objects. The main disadvantage is the rapid cooling of the product.
Nuances of infrared film operation
The specificity of the operation of infrared film is that it emits heat raysThis process is comparable to heating asphalt in the summer under the influence of the sun.
Important! When using this type of heaters saves up to 25 percent electricity consumption at the dacha.
Almost all infrared films have their own characteristics technical and operational features:
- The network power supply is 220 V;
- power consumption equal at peak 210 W/sq. m.;
- per day electricity is consumed on 20-60 W/sq.m;
- maximum temperature IR films are 55 degrees Celsius;
- film dimensions in width - 50-100 cm.;
- up to the maximum temperature of the product heats up in a few minutes.
This type of heating is characterized by the following: advantages:
- quick installation;
- easy to care for;
- after installation, the height of the ceilings of the dacha will not become smaller;
- the possibility of laying any floor coverings on top of heating layers without a drop in temperature.
According to customer reviews, these heaters also have negative aspects:
- the system may quickly fail when interacting with thin or sharp objects;
- The film increases the electrostatic properties of surfaces, which is why dust is constantly attracted to them.
How to heat a modern summer house in winter?
Newer buildings use systems that heats up quickly premises of the required area, drain liquid from the pipeline with water heating, have solid power in order to effectively heat a house with low thermal insulation properties, etc. We are talking about boilers, actively used by owners of modern country houses.
With the help of such equipment it happens constant circulation of water, heated to a certain temperature, through pipes to the radiators and back. During the pipeline laying metal, polypropylene or metal-plastic products are usedThey are considered durable and can last for decades provided that the boiler is used correctly.
Boilers as the basis of heating systems
Gas boilers are quite common products and attract customers. at a reasonable price, and also availability of fuel. They are distinguished by maximum automation, high efficiency and reliability. At the same time, some models are installed at the dacha only in rooms with good ventilation and access to the street.
Photo 1. Scheme of water heating of a summer house using a boiler with an additional expansion tank.
Electric boilers are different the most expensive service, but the high price is justified by such advantages, such as: convenience and ease of use, simple installation, no open flame (high level of safety). On the other side, such models, maintaining the temperature, consume too much electricity and require separate wiring in the case of installing three-phase equipment.
The most difficult to maintain counts solid fuel boiler. It is often used in summer cottages as the main or auxiliary heating device. Among pros are distinguished by their unpretentiousness to fuel quality, ease of operation and maintenance. Low efficiency and low productivity — flaws such boilers.
The last variety is - liquid fuel boilers that have become popular due to their high efficiency and good autonomy. The only disadvantage The high cost of maintenance and the price of consumables are considered.
Classified boilers on:
- Copper.
- Cast iron.
- Steel.
Operating principle boilers is quite simple. The building is heated thanks to increasing the temperature of the coolant in the heat exchanger structures, after which the water begins to flow from pipes to radiatorsWhen heat is supplied through the air, it comes back and heats up again up to a certain temperature.
Reference! Wall-mounted boilers are often equipped with copper heat exchangers with less weight, and floor-standing ones - cast iron and steel.
The devices are working on liquid, solid or gaseous fuel, some boilers use several types at once. Such units have built-in universal burners. When choosing the above-described devices, it is recommended to pay attention to the maximum power, temperature and type of fuel used, the presence of certain functions, as well as the material of manufacture and other parameters.
Useful video
A video comparing different types of heaters: which one allows you to heat your summer house most effectively?
Thermal insulation is an important component
Reliable thermal insulation is truly considered the basis of all country houses and cottages. With its help heating costs are reduced, emissions of dust, gases and soot are reduced, which contributes to improving the environment. The optimal temperature of the floor, walls and ceilings has a significant impact on creating comfortable conditions in the room. Good thermal insulation allows you to maintain the building in proper condition and improves the quality of life.
Comments
At my dacha, the electricity is often cut off and there is no gas, so this question itself speaks about the choice of solid fuel, since I only come to the dacha on weekends both in winter and in summer, then it is not practical for me to install heating. And for three years now I have been using a homemade iron fireplace with a door made of thermal glass to heat the 90 m2 house, the hob is in the upper part of the fireplace. I lined it with bricks, I did not put the bricks close to the fireplace, I left a gap of 10 cm. And I made this gap in the front in the form of cells. And when friends come, they will not even understand that the stove is iron. I have this fireplace in my large room and even in winter the air quickly warms up, after 30 minutes the temperature in the house is quite normal and you can even take off your outerwear.