How to avoid malfunctions? Correct gas boiler setup and regular maintenance will help
Private construction is gaining momentum, and with it the demand for modern heating equipment, which continuously supplies consumers with thermal energy for heating their homes and heating water for household needs.
Gas boiler - the central link of the gas heating system, created for such purposes. Being one of the most economical devices, it nevertheless requires its correct adjustment, ensuring proper fuel consumption and reliability of its operation.
Selection and configuration of equipment
The issues of operating the heating system of a private house, unlike centralized systems, fall entirely on its owners. And one of the problems that needs to be solved is the issue of the correct selection of gas equipment.
Experience in operating systems shows that a properly selected boiler should work not less than 30% heating period.
The average value of the boiler power consumption per square meter of heated space (for ceilings up to 3 meters high) is about 100 watts.
Also, practice shows that installing a boiler or burner with too high power can create a lot of problems, associated with excessive gas consumption, difficulty in selecting the temperature in heated rooms and the reliability of the system.
After selecting and installing the heating system, as well as each time it is started The following adjustments are carried out:
- Full heating the boiler.
- Complete opening of the damper chimney.
- Setting the burner flame at maximum power (the flame should consist of blue and yellow segments).
- Shutting off the gas supply valve on the outlet for removal yellow flame segment.
- Examination safety automation and operating modes boiler.
Important! Setting the correct flame color of a gas burner has key to complete combustion of gas without the formation of soot settling on the walls of the firebox and chimney, reducing the efficiency of the system and increasing gas fuel consumption.
How to adjust the burner power
If the burner significantly exceeds the boiler in power, it may not enough firebox volume, air flow through the dampers and from the pressurization. In this case, the flame combustion becomes difficult to control, and the burner flame turns yellow.
Incomplete combustion of gas fuel causes sooting of the firebox and chimney combustion products, and some of the energy is dissipated into the surrounding space, increasing fuel consumption.
Photo 1. The shut-off valve helps regulate the gas supply in case of problems with the boiler.
In this case, the burner power can be reduced. by closing the gas supply valve on the way down.
However, if the power is permanently set to minimum value, this will reduce the operating efficiency and adjustment range of the system.
Reference! When choosing a gas burner, in addition to combustion chamber dimensions and torch geometry, it is important to take into account the compliance of the passport values minimum and maximum power and methods of its regulation, as well as the gas consumption of the burner.
High gas consumption
High gas consumption is often caused by inefficient operation of the heat exchanger boiler. The coolant passing through the heat exchanger carries with it particles of scale and salts, which can be deposited on the inner walls of the heat exchanger, reducing its thermal conductivity and increasing the amount of fuel required for heating.
Usually the problem with the heat exchanger manifests itself characteristic noise, emanating from a working boiler, reminiscent of a whistling or gurgling sound, similar to a kettle boiling.
In this case, it will be necessary manual cleaning heat exchanger or its washing with a special compound.
High gas consumption can also be caused by its reduced calorie, caused by insufficient drying by the gas distribution company. The norm for the lower calorific value of household gas should be not less than 7600 kcal per cubic meter, in practice, the calorific value of gas may decrease up to 4000 kcal.
Important! When purchasing gas equipment, it is important to take into account composition and minimum gas pressure in a specific gas supply system so that the equipment operates stably.
Lack of air for combustion
Lack of air for gas combustion can be caused by malfunction of the supercharging system. In this case, it is necessary to check electronic temperature controller settings and supercharging, as well as throttle valve.
If the burner ignites with a pop, this may mean that the primary air supply holes closed or clogged with dust.
In this case, it is necessary to adjust the flame. air supply regulators or clean the holes from dust.
If the flame has a significant yellow segment, this may be caused by burner defect. In this case, the burner power can be reduced by closing the gas supply valve on the downstream side.
Increased pressure: adjusting the gas supply valve
When the burner is operating, the following situations may arise:
- burner flame color red-orange or red;
- the burner flame is knocked out beyond the space allotted to it;
- burner flame lights up and immediately or after some time goes out, or lights up with cotton.
These signs may indicate increased gas pressure in the gas supply system, since in winter the gas supplier often increases the standard pressure. from 200-220 mm H2O to pressure 280 mm H2O
In this case, you can reduce the gas pressure:
- by closing the gas supply valve on the way down;
- installation specified in the burner passport throttle washer;
- installation gas pressure regulator.
Important! When purchasing gas equipment, especially imported, it is important to take it into account work in a specific gas supply system, since each manufacturer produces equipment with its own values working optimum and minimum gas pressure.
Weak boiler draft
Weak draft can occur for various reasons. If the burner lights up and then goes out, or lights up with a pop, this may mean presence of a large amount of soot in the boiler and/or in the chimney, preventing the creation of draft.
In this case, it is necessary to check the presence of draft in the chimney and in the boiler. through the viewing window, and, if necessary, clean them from soot yourself or by contacting a special service.
Weak traction may also occur when the weather changes, which does not allow gases to leave the firebox and does not allow fresh air to enter the boiler.
In this case it is necessary reduce the burner power by closing the gas supply valve on the lowering, and also to organize sufficient ventilation in the room.
Reference! If the boiler has weak draft, it is also important to clarify the design of its chimney, it must comply with the rules. SNiP 2.04.05-91 And DBNV.2.5-20-2001.
Clocking
If the boiler capacity exceeds the size of the heated premises, this may lead to frequent switching off and on of the boiler for heating, or its clocking.
The clock frequency can be reach 2-3 minutes.
To avoid clocking, you need to:
- Select a boiler with modulated burner flame height and with a power suitable for the areas to be heated.
- If the boiler is controlled by the coolant temperature, it is necessary maximize its volume in the system to allow it to cool down longer.
- If the boiler is controlled by a room thermostat, it is necessary to move the thermostat to the coldest room to increase the thermal inertia of the system, and also to regulate the air temperature in the rooms using the valves on the radiators.
Important! If the timing is associated with increased burner power, this may cause burnout of the main heat exchanger. In this case, the burner must be replaced in a timely manner.
Useful video
Check out this video on how to adjust your gas boiler to prevent it from becoming clogged with soot.
Maintenance of gas equipment
Properly selected and adjusted gas equipment may malfunction from time to time. To ensure that this happens as rarely as possible, it is necessary to adjust the system settings in a timely manner and carry out preventive maintenance work as provided for in the equipment passports.
To prevent accidents related to gas leaks and damage to property and human health, gas equipment must be installed authorized organizations (regional gas, district gas, city gas) through companies licensed to carry out such work.
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