Foresight is the key to success: which stove to choose for a bathhouse so as not to regret it later?
Bath stoves belong to the category of heat-generating devices.
Such equipment is usually equipped with a heating steam generator in order to obtain steam or create optimal microclimatic conditions in the room.
Choice bath stove is carried out individually taking into account the size and layout of the premises, as well as the functional purpose of the structure.
Content
What types of sauna stoves are there?
Bath stoves are modified heating devices, the main task which is the creation of a steam regime.
Regardless of the type, the design is presented basic elements:
- combustion chamber;
- body, often having a heat-accumulating effect;
- convector, which is an integral part of a modern metal furnace;
- steam generator.
The last basic element in the stove design is a complex device for generating sufficient steam. In traditional models of sauna stoves, the steam generator is represented by heater.
By material: stone, metal
The material for building a sauna stove, if chosen correctly, has optimal thermal characteristics. Depending on the material used in production, sauna stoves can be brick and all-metalBoth options have both disadvantages, so undeniable positive qualities, But the most effective, in terms of thermal capacity level, are combined structures:
- brick stove-heater in a reinforcing metal frame;
- brick or stone stove walls with installed metal fireboxes and stakes, guide panels for smoke dispersal and holes for watering the hot stones on the heater;
- structures with metal dampers inside a brick chimney.
Brick The stoves are characterized by low thermal conductivity, high fire-fighting qualities, uniform heating of air masses in the room, but laying them requires experience and knowledge.
Advantages metal designs - quick heating of the room, reliability and safety of operation.
However, such models are characterized by reduced heat capacity and uneven heating of the air in the room.
Professionals recommend lining construction, lining the firebox of a metal furnace from the inside with firebrick. This method significantly increases the thermal capacity. Reasonable combination of brick and metal, which allows the technical advantages of one material to “level out” the disadvantages of another.
Photos of different stoves
Photo 1. A large brick sauna stove, finished with decorative tiles, will retain heat for a very long time.
Photo 2. The compact metal stove heats up quickly and does not take up much space.
Photo 3. The best option is a metal firebox lined with firebricks on three sides.
Choosing the size of a sauna stove
To make a sauna stove-heater optimally heated the air in a steam room, it is necessary to calculate the dimensions of the structure with extreme precision. Axiom When arranging a bathhouse on your own, the following most important parameters must be taken into account:
- firebox openinge in ratio 1:50 or 1:70 to the area of the premises;
- firebox depth in ratio 1:2 or 2:3;
- proportion furnace chambers to the chimney section - 1:10.
The heater can be installed in a corner, at an end wall or at an internal wall, so the dimensions of the structure may vary.
| Area of the premises | General stove surface in different types of premises | ||
| With one corner | No corners | With two corners | |
| 8 m2 | 5.85 m2 | 3.74 m2 | 6.10 m2 |
| 10 m2 | 7.20 m2 | 4.50 m2 | 7.80 m2 |
| 15 m2 | 10.20 m2 | 6.90 m2 | 11.70 m2 |
| 20 m2 | 13.80 m2 | 9.60 m2 | 15.60 m2 |
| 30 m2 | 20.70 m2 | 13.80 m2 | 23.40 m2 |
What is better to heat: wood, gas or electric appliances
Designs for heating a bathhouse and creating a comfortable microclimate inside the room can be presented:
- wood burning stoves;
- electrical stoves;
- gas stoves;
- combined or gas-wood stoves;
- models that work with the use of liquid fuel or coal.
Heater stoves operating on natural or liquefied gas, have a more complex design, therefore are used quite rarely.
Important! In the plan ecology and economic efficiency leading positions are occupied by traditional firewood, which are affordable and, when burning, fill the bathhouse with a very pleasant, natural aroma.
Firebox arrangement. Will a remote one be suitable?
The design of a sauna stove, regardless of its shape, includes the following base component, as a firebox with ash panThe ash formed during the combustion of solid fuel falls through the slotted openings of the grates into the ash pan, the door of which regulates the intensity of the air supply.
Grate bars are made of metal rods, cast iron or sheet metal with numerous holes. Modern factory-made metal models also have a remote firebox with a glazed cast iron door or are made of structural steel.
Design requirements
A properly designed and built sauna stove from quality building materials should meet a number of requirements:
- rapid high temperature production and, as a result, heating the room in the shortest possible time;
- temperature resistance, long-term preservation required temperature conditions;
- uniform supply of heated air from all sides into the steam room;
- safety operation, absence of negative factors in the room in the form of soot, smoke and carbon monoxide;
- ability to fully heat the required amount of water.
IN traditional Russian the sauna stove design must ensure that the temperature regime during operation is at the level 60—70°С at the indicators humidity within 60-70%. Any heaters intended for installation in Finnish saunas should provide hotter air heating with minimal humidity.
Calculate power correctly
The most common mistakes when independently calculating the power of the furnace equipment, they consist of choosing a too powerful or low-power sauna stove. In this case, the hot air is supplemented by cold stones and the absence of steam, or the required temperature regime in the sauna room is absent.
Independent calculation consists of multiplying the length, width and height premises with subsequent calculation of the area of non-insulated sections and multiplied by a factor of 1.2-1.5. Power standard the oven is 1.0 kW per cubic meter of area bath room.
How to choose the most suitable wood burning stove option
The ready-made stove-heater chosen independently must fully correspond to the size of the heated area and have optimal energy efficiency indicators. The market for such equipment contains domestic and foreign models, the diversity of which is quite difficult to understand.
For a small bathhouse
Small rooms do not require the installation of very powerful stoves, so the best option would be to install compact models.Thermofor Osa" And "Harvia Sound-M45".
First The design is characterized by fast heating, various installation options, affordable cost and strict design, and the complete set with an extended fuel channel allows fuel to be loaded from an adjacent room.
Second a model made of high-quality and reliable steel with increased energy efficiency, characterized by an attractive and strict design, but requires an electrical network for connection.
For a spacious bathhouse with a dressing room
To the Finnish sauna volume 8-18 m3 it is advisable to install high-quality steel models "Thermophore of Vitruvius" or the construction "Narvi NC» with adjustable legs.
For the arrangement of a Russian bathhouse, an excellent option would be a model made of heat-resistant alloy steel.Termofor Geyser-2014" And "Termofor Tunguska" with a convector casing, creating a powerful hot flow for fast and uniform heating of the room. The easy-to-install dome stove design allows you to get microclimatic conditions comparable to a Russian bath and light steam. "Sahara-24".
Bath stove for 3 rooms
Heating of all functional areas of the bathhouse, including washroom, steam room and dressing room, is carried out by a special furnace design.
In this case, the traditional model is supplemented samovar type heat exchanger in the form of a cylindrical tank with a central passage and a pair of branches.
The reservoir is connected to the tank using a pair of pipes. During the heating process of the heat exchanger, water circulates inside the system and warms up.
Ready to install metal model for three rooms "Steam-Heat" has a remote firebox in the dressing room or outside, and for arranging two bath rooms it is advisable to purchase the design "Borovaya 30VMCH-Onego" or model "VMC standard".
Useful video
Check out the video that covers some of the issues involved in choosing a sauna stove and demonstrates the compact wood-burning stove model "Rus", which produces super-light steam.
Tips and tricks
A separate building is erected for the sauna stove base made of non-combustible building materials — brick or concrete. As an additional protection of the floor, it is used steel or asbestos edging, placed around the stove.
Important! If it is not possible to install the most efficient stove, then imperfect according to basic parameters metal structure easily ennobles the brick casing and arrangement well-thought-out ventilation system, which allows you to temporarily stop convection currents inside the steam room.
Standard distance from the heater to the nearest objects - 32-35 cmAll furnace elements with a high degree of heating are separated by non-combustible layers. Firebox door placed opposite the doorway with a distance from the nearest object not less than one and a half meters.
The consultant will most likely advise a stove exactly according to the volume of the bathhouse. But you need to take a little more, so that there is a reserve.
We recently replaced the stove in the bathhouse ourselves. We took exactly the volume of the bathhouse. As a result, the stove heats the bathhouse longer, and the maximum temperature became lower than that of the previous stove (it was taken with a reserve, but burned out).