A clever combination of different elements in one device! How to build a Russian stove with a fireplace and a stove bench
Experts say that it is beneficial for the nervous system to look at a burning fire or running water: this calms the body.
That is why summer residents, when building a stove in their house, want it to have a fireplace.
This combination is appropriate in a Russian stove, which will warm, And will prepare a variety of dishes, And will provide a warm place to sleep.
Content
Construction of a Russian stove with a fireplace
The device's design can be either very simple or extremely complex, with elements traditional for a Russian stove:
- with a place for drying firewood - under the oven;
- with a compartment for storing dishes and other utensils - stove;
- with space for hot pots taken out of the oven - six;
- with a camera under the pole - over the pipe;
- with the surface in the cooking chamber where the cooking utensils are placed - under;
- with the cooking chamber itself - crucible;
- with the smoke exhaust blocked to retain heat - with a damper;
- with a window leading into the chimney - shower;
- with traction regulator - damper.
The dimensions of a Russian stove were previously measured in arshins. A typical stove was built according to the dimensions - width - 142 cm (2 arshins), total height - 213 cm (3 arshins), height to the bed - 2 and a half arshins or 176.5 cmToday these values vary depending on the requirements of the owner of a country house.
The devices can be of width 80 cm, height - 120 cm. As a rule, they do not provide a sleeping place, cooking in such structures is limited by functionality. But a fireplace can be built into such a structure. They also build huge devices - up to 4 meters in width and length. They are usually combined and include a sink, a cutting cabinet, and a place for a cauldron.
The stove diagram includes a space, the so-called window, which is the fireplace. Each person chooses its location depending on the chosen project and the stove construction diagram. Fireplace window can be located either at the bottom of the building or in the middle or even upper partBut any oven of this kind must include some necessary elements.
During construction take into account all internal channels of the structure, the presence of a heat exchanger. They leave space for flue holes, dampers, ash pans, and a fireplace.
There are projects that combine a furnace and a fireplace. In such cases, it is taken into account that the preparation of some dishes in the device will be difficult, and the scheme for removing combustion products will be radically different. As a rule, in such projects the cooking area increases, or it is completely absent.
Construction of a Russian stove with a fireplace and a stove bench
A bed in a Russian stove, in other words - bunks, is located to the left or right of the main structure in its upper part, behind the chimney. According to some projects, the bed is like a separately built structure that is simply attached to the general part. The main thing in a project with sleeping platforms is that The heat exchanger was located under the stove bench.
All heating channels of the building accumulate near the sleeping area. The design of the stove with a sleeping place should have a damper that will stop the heat from escaping through the pipe, that is, retain heat in the structure itself for a longer period of time.
Important! When constructing a furnace vault, certain factors must be taken into account ceiling slope degree in order to accumulate warm air under the bed itself.
Today, ultra-modern versions of the Russian stove with a fireplace and a stove bench have been developed, which provide for breaking down the structure into different sectionsAccordingly, autonomous construction of these departments will help save heat and fuel, and will also prevent overheating of the premises in the summer or compensate for the lack of heat in the winter.
Such structures have additional valves, the so-called summer and winter valves. According to the diagrams, the dimensions of such a structure may vary, but there are minimum dimensions: width - 2 meters, height - 2 and a half meters.
Construction process
If you have little experience in building stoves, it is better to observe the actions of a professional stove maker and get his advice, because the main thing in the future building:
- quality;
- durability;
- reliability;
- safety.
It is necessary to select the necessary building materials, tools, understand the construction scheme and observe all the nuances during laying.
Get started from choosing a location to building a foundation. After this, prepare the mortar and firebricks for laying.
Attention! First, the device is laid out completely dry - without solutionIf everything in the temporary structure corresponds to the diagram, you can start laying out the Russian stove with a fireplace.
The main nuances that are taken into account in the work:
- choose high-quality bricks;
- leave gaps in the right places;
- before laying, the bricks are soaked;
- use materials with low thermal conductivity and lay them through 5-10 rows depending on the size of the oven;
- The seams during laying should not be thick.
Selecting a project
Each person chooses the scheme and design of the device themselves. It can be:
- Russian stove with a stove bench;
- without sleeping platforms;
- with a fireplace;
- with a hob;
- with additional elements (sink, cutting cabinet, etc.).
Materials
Once the design of the future stove has been selected, they begin purchasing building materials. The structures are erected:
- made of metal;
- using refractory mixtures;
- made of brick;
- made of natural stone.
Metal frame stoves can be purchased at any hardware store. But then the design will not be unique and multifunctional.
If it is decided to build made of fireclay bricks or natural stone, then the design of the stove can be developed independently or with the help of a specialist in accordance with taste and needs.
Brick buildings are of higher quality and more stylish.. Fireclay firebrick is practically not affected by the external environment, which is important when building an outdoor stove. The material is not subject to corrosion and is hermetically sealed. In a garden plot, the device is built from red or white brick. Finishing work on the facade is carried out with tiles, plaster, and the stove is lined with natural stone.
Important! For the organization fireboxes It is better to use fireproof fireclay (yellow) brick that can withstand temperatures up to 1600 °C.
In addition to high-quality bricks, you will need the following for laying:
- valves;
- dampers;
- hob;
- steel strips and corners;
- fireclay;
- sand, common clay;
- metal doors and bars.
Tools
In order for construction work to proceed without delays and interruptions, it is necessary to prepare all the tools in advance. will be needed when building a Russian stove with a fireplace:
- trowel;
- pickaxe (for splitting bricks);
- levels or plumb lines - vertical and horizontal;
- expansion joint - a device for giving a structure a neat appearance;
- ordering and measuring bar - regulate the evenness and thickness of the seams;
- roulette;
- shovel, containers, etc.
Reference. Depending on the furnace design, you may also need additional tools.
Preparing the site
When creating a project stove-fireplaces think about it right away:
- installation location: in the house or on the site;
- for an outdoor option, a gazebo or canopy;
- a recreation area with benches and a table;
- distance from flammable materials;
- functionality of the created unit;
- general design of the site together with the new building.
Since there will be a fireplace and open fire in the stove, it is better to choose a place where there is nothing flammable. Any wall or structure located next to the stove is laid non-flammable materials.
In the oven may be provided:
- barbecue;
- B-B-Q;
- cauldron area;
- smoking area;
- area for baking flatbreads, etc.
All this can be combined in a combination oven, which will consist of many sections. Its size reaches the width up to 6 meters, in height - up to 3 meters. For convenience, you can also build a cabinet for storing dishes and cutting meat. The main requirement for erecting the structure is sufficient space and the availability of the necessary areas.
There are certain rules for choosing and preparing a place. for a Russian stove with a fireplace:
- It is better to choose the foundation at the stage of building the house;
- in a finished room, if it is necessary to install a structure, the walls are dismantled and the floors are dismantled;
- flammable surfaces are insulated from overheating;
- leave a gap between the stove and the walls;
- The walls are covered with non-combustible panels.
Step-by-step laying
Let's consider the size of the stove masonry 2 meters by 1 meter 20 cm, on the left side is a pipe, below is a fireplace:
- 1st row — pipe base;
- 2nd row — formation of under-ovens;
- 3rd - ash pan;
- 4th row — a ledge is provided, an opening is left for the main pipe;
- Row 6 — the beginning of the channels that remove combustion products;
- 7th row — formation of the firebox opening;
- 7-8 rows — fireplace opening;
- 8-9th the row is mown at a certain angle in order to increase the volume of the firebox;
- Row 10 — flooring for the hob;
- Row 10 — chimney blocking;
- Rows 11-17 - a furnace;
- 20-26 rows from the left — sleeping area.
If a structure of dimensions is being built 2 meters by 1.5 m or 2 m without a bed, then the step-by-step laying will be as follows:
- they make it with solid masonry 1st and 2nd row;
- in the 2nd row installing a fireplace grate;
- 3rd row — an ash chamber, a vertical channel, and a fireplace area are formed (in the diagram, the fireplace is below);
- 5th row provides for the construction of a grate;
- 7th row - metal gaskets;
- 7-9th row — the chimney is installed;
- 10th row — installation of a hob;
- 11th row — the installation of the furnace begins;
- 12-13 rows — place for a fireplace;
- 14th row - fireplace mantel;
- 16th row finishing the installation of the cooking area.
Difficulties in construction
Still at the project development level think over all the necessary valves: for draft, for the release of combustion products, for heat saving.
They must be installed during construction and function well during operation. Otherwise, negative phenomena are possible:
- release of combustion products into the room;
- rapid heat dissipation and cooling of the furnace;
- uneconomical use of fuel, etc.
If your house is wooden and the firebox is located close to the walls, it is necessary to protect the room from fire. To do this, make gaps between the walls and the stove with non-combustible materials. It is better to make an additional free a gap of 2-3 cm.
If during operation an excess of soot is noticed on the walls and a decrease in thermal conductivity, the problem is in the finishing of the hearth and furnace. During construction and finishing works It is not recommended to coat the walls with clay from the inside.
Photos of finished devices
Photo 1. Russian stove with a fireplace and a stove bench located behind the device. The stove is faced with plaster and decorative brick.
Photo 2. Large Russian stove with a fireplace and a stove bench. The device is located in the center of the room.
Photo 3. Outdoor version of a Russian stove with a fireplace. Additionally, an oven and a hob are built in.
Useful video
Watch the video, which demonstrates the process of laying a Russian stove with a fireplace, barbecue and cauldron.
Make your choice and build!
The Russian fireplace stove can use different fuels. But its type depends entirely on the structure of the firebox and the overall design of the structure. The decorative section of the stove, in which the flame is visible, can function on wood and coals. But in some projects - only on coals.
All valves must function properly and no flammable items must be placed nearby.
There is space left between the wall and the stove non-flammable insulating material to ensure maximum safety when using the device.
There are many options for quick construction Russian stove with fireplace:
- on one's own;
- under the guidance of a professional stove-maker;
- using knowledge gained from viewing specialized websites and literature.
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