In order not to freeze in the cold, it is important to know everything about it: how heating works, its types
You are viewing the section Heating.
Subsections: Boilers, System components, Pipes, In the apartment, Greenhouses, Country house, Warm floors, Heaters, Radiators, In a private house, Convectors, Fuel, Types, Systems, Accessories, Garage, Pressure.
Heating – artificial heating of the room to obtain a comfortable temperature in the cold season. Similar energy measured in Gcal (giga calories).
Typically used as heating devices stoves, solid fuel, gas or electric boilersAlternative heating sources are also currently widespread, such as heated floors, heat pumps, and solar collectors.
About heating
A heating system is a device that produces heat and associated elements designed to transfer energy to heated spaces. Each system consists of:
- from the source - the boiler;
- from the heat exchanger;
- from the energy consumer - radiators or other appliances that heat the house.
Heating systems are divided into two categories: local and central. The local device gives off heat to a nearby object. The central one is located outside the heated building.
Types of heating systems
Heating is divided into types by heat carrier. Systems are:
- water;
- airborne;
- steam;
- gas.
Heat sources
The sources are:
- coal;
- wood;
- natural gas;
- electricity;
- solar or geothermal energy.
Heating organization
The organization of heating consists of installing a heat source and piping. As a rule, the source is a heating boiler that produces energy. Heat exchanger - pipes that deliver heat from the source to the consumer. The latter - the radiator, transfers energy to the environment.
No pipes, radiators, batteries
It is worth highlighting separately the options for heating a room in which one or more parts of the standard system are missing. This type of heating is carried out using one of the devices:
- ovens;
- warm floor;
- heat pump;
- solar energy collector.
Bake
The device uses fuel processed by combustion. The resulting heat is supplied to the consumer via a heat exchanger. The latter can be furnace body, water or air internal circuit.
Photo 1. Brick oven used for heating the house. Additionally equipped with a hob.
Warm floor
Heat is received by means of a standard boiler or by means of electric heating. Through the heat exchanger, energy is supplied to the consumer built into the floor. Thus, the room is heated from below.
Heat pump
Consists of two circuits. External uses water or air heated naturally. The collected substance is compressed and heated. Then there is a sharp cooling with the release of energy. The cooled substance is returned to the natural environment for reheating. The released energy is used for heating internal water circuit. Heated water circulates through pipes, giving off heat to radiators to heat the rooms.
Solar collector
The device is a battery heated by the sun. The received energy is transferred to the heat exchanger. The heat carrier is liquid. Such installations are often supplement with spare power supply, for example, electric. So in the absence of the Sun, the heating continues to heat the room.
Photo 2. Solar collectors installed on the roof of the house. Most effective in the southern regions.
Heating system drain: what is it
The procedure is applied to water structures. Drainage must be carried out:
- For troubleshooting at work;
- For radiator replacements;
- For prevention or cleaning;
- For replacement of coolant.
In the house
To remove water, you need a container to collect the liquid. If you have a plot of land, use the water for irrigation. Sequence of actions for draining water:
- Turn off the boiler.
- Attach to the outlet pipe drain hose. It is usually located on the bottom side of the boiler, on the right.
- Direct the other end of the hose to a safe place.
- Open the valve, wait until all the liquid has drained. When the process is complete, close the tap.
- Find out the location "Maevsky crane". It is usually located at the highest accessible point of the building. Open all similar taps in the house.
- Repeat the procedure draining water through the outlet pipe.
- Close the outlet valve, move the hose to the inlet, and perform another drain.
Attention! To drain the liquid from the "Warm floor" system you will need compressor unit rental.
In the apartment
The procedure for draining water looks similar, but requires permission from the management company. As a rule, the service is paid and is carried out by employees of housing and communal services. Consult with housing and communal services employees about the necessary manipulations.
Electricity consumption, units of measurement
A heating system that uses electricity for heating consumes about 30 watts of power per cubic meter.
To calculate the consumed electricity, calculate the volume of the premises: add up the areas and multiply by the ceiling height. The resulting number multiply by specified 30 W, and then on 0.55.
Coefficient — an error that takes into account the average duration of the boiler operation and possible power reduction. Thus, it turns out hourly energy consumption. After multiplying by the cost of electricity, you get the cost of heating the premises. within one hour.
Useful video
Watch the video to find out if it is possible to heat your home for free?
Cost of heating. Is it ever free?
It is worth remembering that heating it doesn't happen free. Each source heat has its drawbacks, which must be covered with cash.
